Central nervous system (CNS) depression happens when the body’s neurological functions slow down. It can result from substance overdoses, poisoning, or other medical conditions.
A person may benefit from taking the correct dose of a CNS depressant, such as an opioid pain relief medication.
But, high doses of these drugs can reduce the activity of the CNS to dangerously low levels.
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. It controls most bodily functions — including breathing and the heart — by sending messages between the brain and other nerves via the spinal cord.
Symptoms
People can have varying symptoms of CNS depression or depressant overdose. Factors that affect the impact of CNS depression include:the cause
- the type and dose of a substance
- the severity of the illness or injury
- the size of the individual
- the person’s medical history
Medications, drugs, and other substances
The main substances that cause CNS depression are:
- alcohol
- barbiturates
- benzodiazepines
- opioids
Most of these drugs cause some combination of drowsiness, muscle relaxation, and anxiety reduction.
These substances carry a risk of addiction. Combining them can lead to Trusted Source severe and potentially life-threatening adverse effects.
Combining substances
Mixing CNS depressants, opioids, and alcohol increases their effect. There may be severe adverse reactions and possibly life-threatening consequences.
Sometimes, a person may not realize they are at risk of an overdose, such as when they use opioid pain relief medication and then drink alcohol.
Treatment for CNS depression or CNS depressant overdose depends on the substances involved.
Some CNS drugs have antidotes that can reverse their effects. These include Naloxone for opioid overdoses and Flumazenil for overdoses of benzodiazepine.
A person may need emergency care if they are unaware that they are experiencing a CNS depressant overdose, especially after accidentally misusing their medication or due to a medical problem.
Anyone witnessing signs of CNS depression or an overdose in another person should call the emergency services or local poison control center for guidance.
visit: neurology.pencis.com
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